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Han Dynasty Great Wall

At first, let us to see Han Dynasty Great Wall history: In 206 B.C., the Qin Dynasty was overthrown due to its tyrannical rule mostly for the large expenses required for building the Wall. In 202 B.C., after several years' civil war, it was finally replaced by a new feudal dynasty – the Han Dynasty. Historians call the period from 202 B.C. to A.D. 8. Earlier Han, and Later Han from A.D. 25 to A.D. 220. Between the two periods was a transient ruling time of Wang Mang and Liu Xuan. Han Dynasty lasted over 400 years and is regarded as the first golden time in Chinese history.

When the Han Dynasty was established, for the long-time war against the Qin Dynasty, the agriculture had almost ruined. The economy recessed and the national treasury was virtually empty. To bring through this severe crisis, Emperor Liu Bang, also know as Han Gaozu, softened some crucial policies related to the peasants, such as taxation, and made it the chief task to recover the agriculture and stabilize the social order. Gradually, the agriculture, handicraft industry and commerce restored and began to develForts dotted the distance between Jiuquan City and Yumenguan Pass of Gansu Province that were also the form of the Great Wall. These were measures against Hun warlords around 110 BC. Around 101 BC Chinese workers built the section from Yumenguan Pass to Luobu Po of Xinjiang Ugyur Autonomous Region. Altogether Han Wudi had built a thousand kilometers (621 miles) of defense wall over twenty years to secure the passage to the Western Region. The Huns power later was in decline and consequently less wall-building activity came about this side of the border.

During the period of Eastern Han, after years of civil wars, Liu Xiu (6BC-57AD), the emperor Guang Wudi could put up only weak resistance to northern invaders. In around 39 AD he gave order to his general Ma Cheng to build four boundary walls to contain the damage. The boundary walls ran 1) from Lishi County of Shanxi Province to southeast of Xianyang City of Shaanxi Province; 2) between Gaoling County of Shaanxi and Anyi County of Shanxi; 3) from Taiyuan City of Shanxi to Jingxing County of Hebei Province; and 4) from Dingxian County of Hebei to Linhang County of Henan Province.

The Great Wall offered some protection to Luoyang, the capital of Eastern Han. Afterwards in-fighting divided the Huns into the North and South. The North Huns were driven off by Han. The more friendly South Huns co-existed with the Han Dynasty and there was no need to build more walls.