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Northern Qi Dynasty Great Wall

In 550, Gao Yang, i.e. later King Wen Xuan Di, overturned the Eastern Wei Dynasty and founded Northern Qi. He adopted strict ruling measures, banned corruption and punished such cases, enacted new laws, and established states and prefectures to stabilize the society. On the other hand, he streamlined his troops and attacked the powerful enemy countries to the north and defeated Rouran, Tujue and Qidan.

To strengthen the north-border defense and protect itself from the Northern Zhou to its west, during less than 30 years of its life(from 550 to 577), the Northern Qi Dynasty built walls in the large scales comparable to the Qin Dynasty. The following is about each construction. In 552, the wall on the northwest was built. It ran northward about 200 kilometers from present northwest Lishi County to west Shuoxian County of Shanxi Province.

Because the wall on the north border left by the Northern Wei Dynasty was in poor condition, in 555, King Qi Wendi rebuilt walls along this line. The labors for this construction numbered 1,800,000. The wall ran about 450 kilometers from present Nankou County near Juyongguan Pass to Datong of Shanxi.

Not only were two sections of the Great Wall built in 552 and 555, but during 556 a new section was built eastwards reaching Shanhaiguan Pass. The whole Great Wall was then about 1,500 kilometers (932 miles) long, which was longer than those of former dynasties except Qin and Han.

In 557 a defense line was built inside the Great Wall. The section started east of Pianguan Pass in Shanxi Province, passing the eastern Yanmenguan Pass, and Pingxingguan Pass and then reaching Xiaguan Pass of Shanxi Province. The other section, starting from Niangziguan Pass, passing Malingguan Pass and ending at Huangyangguan Pass no longer exists; only some relics remain.

In 563 another section of the Great Wall was built along Mt. Taihangshan at the junction of Shanxi and Hebei Provinces. Some parts remain at the top of Mt. Taihangshan. A well-preserved section ran from west of Longquanguan Pass to west of Xiakou town, Jianping County of Hebei.

Because in 563 Turkic people launched two hundred thousand soldiers to destroy the Great Wall and prepared to invade Pingcheng City, the Northern Qi extended the Great Wall of the Eastern Wei to Yanmenguan Pass in 565 and mended the inner Great Wall built in 557. In addition, a section of the Great Wall was extended from Xiaguan Pass of Shanxi Province to its east end, Juyongguan Pass. A section between Juyongguan Pass and Shanhaiguan Pass was rebuilt.